Question Details

A body is executing simple harmonic motion with frequency ‘n’, the frequency of its potential energy is :

Options

A

3n

B

4n

C

n

D

2n

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option D

2n

2n

Solution :

For a body in simple harmonic motion (SHM) the displacement as a function of time is

x(t)=A\ cos(\omega t)

where A is the amplitude and \omega is the angular frequency. The ordinary (linear) frequency n is related to the angular frequency by

n=\frac{\omega}{2\pi}

The potential energy of a harmonic oscillator is

U(t)=\frac{1}{2}k\,x^{2}(t)

Substituting the displacement gives

U(t)=\frac{1}{2}k\,A^{2}\cos^{2}(\omega t)

Using the trigonometric identity

\cos^{2}(\omega t)=\frac{1+\cos(2\omega t)}{2}

the potential energy becomes

U(t)=\frac{1}{4}kA^{2}\Bigl[1+\cos(2\omega t)\Bigr]

The term that varies with time is \cos(2\omega t). It oscillates with angular frequency 2\omega, which corresponds to a linear frequency

n_{U}= \frac{2\omega}{2\pi}=2\,\frac{\omega}{2\pi}=2n

Therefore the frequency of the potential energy is twice the frequency of the body’s motion.

The correct answer is 2n.

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