A cube of unit volume contains photons of frequency . If the energy of all the photons is viewed as the average energy being contained in the electromagnetic waves within the same volume, then the amplitude of the magnetic field is . Taking permeability of free space , Planck’s constant and , the value of is ______.
Correct Answer :
Solution :
To find the value of , we can equate the total energy of the photons in the cube to the average electromagnetic energy contained in the wave within the same volume.
Step 1: Calculate the total energy of the photons.
The energy of a single photon of frequency is given by Planck's formula:
Given:
Number of photons,
Frequency,
Planck's constant,
The total energy of all photons is:
Substituting the given values:
Step 2: Relate total energy to the average energy density of the electromagnetic wave.
The total volume of the cube is (unit volume).
The average energy density of an electromagnetic wave is:
The average energy density of an electromagnetic wave in free space in terms of the magnetic field amplitude is given by:
Step 3: Solve for the magnetic field amplitude .
Equating the two expressions for the average energy density:
Given the permeability of free space and :
Since :
Taking the square root on both sides:
Comparing this with the given format , we find:
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