Question Details

A particle of mass m is moving around the origin with a constant force F pulling it towards the origin. If Bohr model is used to describe its motion, the radius of the nth orbit and the particle’s speed ν in the orbit depend on n as

Options

A

r ∝ n1/3; ν ∝ n2/3

B

r ∝ n2/3; ν ∝ n1/3

C

r ∝ n4/3; ν ∝ n–1/3

D

r ∝ n1/3; ν ∝ n1/3

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

r ∝ n1/3; ν ∝ n2/3

r ∝ n2/3; ν ∝ n1/3

Solution :

The correct option is:
r ∝ n2/3; ν ∝ n1/3

Let us derive the dependence of the radius r of the orbit and the particle's speed v in the orbit on the principal quantum number n using Bohr's quantization condition and the equation of motion for a particle in circular orbit.

First, the particle of mass m is moving in a circle of radius r under the action of a constant force F directed towards the origin. This force provides the necessary centripetal force for circular motion:
F=mv2r
From this, we can express the square of the velocity as:
v2=Frm
which gives:
v=Frm
Thus, the speed is related to the radius by:
vr1/2

Second, we apply Bohr's angular momentum quantization rule:
mvr=nh2π
where n is the principal quantum number and h is Planck's constant.
This quantization condition implies:
vrn

Now, substitute the relation vr1/2 into the quantization relation:
r1/2·rn
r3/2n
By raising both sides to the power of 2/3, we obtain:
rn2/3

To find the dependence of the speed v on n, we substitute the radius dependence back into the relation vr1/2:
vn2/31/2
vn1/3

Therefore, the relationships are:
rn2/3 and vn1/3

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