Question Details

A Question is given followed by two Statements I and II. Consider the Question and the Statements.


Age of each of P and Q is less than 100 years but more than 10 years. If you interchange the digits of the age of P, the number represents the age of Q.

Question: What is the difference of their ages?

Statement-I : The age of P is greater than the age of Q.

Statement-II: The sum of their ages is 116 times their difference.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above Question and the Statements?

Options

A

The Question can be answered by using one of the Statements alone, but cannot be answered using the other Statement alone

B

The Question can be answered by using either Statement alone

C

The Question can be answered by using both the Statements together, but cannot be answered using either Statement alone

D

The Question cannot be answered even by using both the Statements together

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

The Question can be answered by using one of the Statements alone, but cannot be answered using the other Statement alone

Solution :

The correct option is: The Question can be answered by using one of the Statements alone, but cannot be answered using the other Statement alone


Let us analyze the problem step-by-step.


We are given that the age of each of P and Q is less than 100 years but more than 10 years. This means both ages are two-digit numbers.


Let the age of P be represented as a two-digit number:
P = 10 x + y
where x and y are digits from 1 to 9 (since the ages are greater than 10, the tens digit cannot be 0, and because interchanging the digits also gives a two-digit age for Q, the units digit y also cannot be 0).


If we interchange the digits of the age of P, we get the age of Q:
Q = 10 y + x


Now, let us find the difference between their ages:
Difference = | P - Q | = | ( 10 x + y ) - ( 10 y + x ) | = | 9 x - 9 y | = 9 | x - y |
Thus, the difference in their ages is always a multiple of 9.


Let us evaluate Statement-I: The age of P is greater than the age of Q.
This statement implies P>Q, which means x>y. Therefore:
Difference = 9 ( x - y )
However, Statement-I alone does not give us the specific values of x and y or the value of x-y. So, the difference cannot be uniquely determined using Statement-I alone.


Let us evaluate Statement-II: The sum of their ages is 116 times their difference.
The sum of their ages is:
Sum = P + Q = ( 10 x + y ) + ( 10 y + x ) = 11 ( x + y )
According to Statement-II:
Sum = 11 6 × Difference
Substituting the expressions for Sum and Difference:
11 ( x + y ) = 11 6 × 9 | x - y |
Dividing both sides by 11:
x + y = 9 6 | x - y |
Simplifying the fraction:
x + y = 3 2 | x - y |
2 ( x + y ) = 3 | x - y |


Since the left side is positive and symmetric, let us assume without loss of generality that x>y (the difference remains the same whether x>y or y>x). This gives:
2 ( x + y ) = 3 ( x - y )
2 x + 2 y = 3 x - 3 y
5 y = x


Since x and y must be single-digit integers from 1 to 9, the only possible integer values that satisfy x=5y are:
y = 1 x = 5
(Any other positive integer for y would make x10, which is not a single digit).


Thus, the digits must be 5 and 1.
The difference between their ages is:
Difference = 9 | x - y | = 9 | 5 - 1 | = 9 × 4 = 36
We obtained a unique value of 36 for the difference using Statement-II alone, without needing Statement-I.


Hence, the Question can be answered by using Statement-II alone, but cannot be answered using Statement-I alone.

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