Question Details

After how many half-lives a radioactive substance will decay to 6.25% of its original value:


Options

A

One half life

B

Two half lives

C

Three half lives

D

Four half lives


Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option D

Four half lives


Solution :

The correct option is Four half lives.

Let's understand how a radioactive substance decays over time step-by-step. A half-life is the time required for a quantity of a radioactive substance to reduce to half of its initial value.

Let the initial amount of the radioactive substance be N0, which represents 100% of its original value.

After one half-life, the remaining amount of the substance is:
N1=12N0=50% of the original value.

After two half-lives, the remaining amount is halved again:
N2=12N1=14N0=25% of the original value.

After three half-lives, the remaining amount is halved once more:
N3=12N2=18N0=12.5% of the original value.

After four half-lives, the remaining amount becomes:
N4=12N3=116N0=6.25% of the original value.

In general, the fraction of the substance remaining after n half-lives is given by the formula:
N=N012n

For the substance to decay to 6.25% (or a fraction of 0.0625) of its original value:
12n=0.0625

Since 0.0625=116=124, we find:
n=4

Thus, it takes exactly four half-lives for the radioactive substance to decay to 6.25% of its original value.

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