Correct Answer :
Solution :
The correct answer is 5.
To determine the total number of species with tetrahedral geometry, let us analyze each of the given species one by one:
1. [Co(CN)4]4-:
Cobalt is in the +0 oxidation state here (d9 configuration with strong field ligands CN-). In 4-coordinate Co(0) complexes, the hybridization is sp3, giving it a tetrahedral geometry.
2. [Co(CO)3(NO)]:
Assuming NO acts as a 3-electron donor (NO+), Cobalt is in the -1 oxidation state with d10 configuration. With 4 coordinate bonds and sp3 hybridization, it has a tetrahedral geometry.
3. XeF4:
Xenon has 8 valence electrons. Bonding with 4 fluorine atoms leaves 2 lone pairs. The steric number is 4 + 2 = 6, giving sp3d2 hybridization with a square planar geometry.
4. [PCl4]+:
Phosphorus has 5 valence electrons. Losing 1 electron leaves 4 valence electrons, which form 4 single bonds with chlorine atoms. The steric number is 4 (sp3 hybridization), resulting in a tetrahedral geometry.
5. [PdCl4]2-:
Palladium is a 4d transition metal in the +2 oxidation state (d8 configuration). All 4d8 and 5d8 4-coordinate complexes form dsp2 hybridized complexes regardless of ligand strength, resulting in a square planar geometry.
6. [ICl4]-:
Iodine has 7 valence electrons plus 1 negative charge = 8 electrons. Forming 4 single bonds with chlorine leaves 2 lone pairs. The steric number is 6 (sp3d2 hybridization), which gives a square planar geometry.
7. [Cu(CN)4]3-:
Copper is in the +1 oxidation state with a d10 electron configuration. A 4-coordinate d10 ion uses sp3 hybridization, resulting in a tetrahedral geometry.
8. P4:
The white phosphorus molecule (P4) consists of four phosphorus atoms arranged at the corners of a tetrahedron, forming a tetrahedral structure.
Thus, the species with tetrahedral geometry are:
1. [Co(CN)4]4-
2. [Co(CO)3(NO)]
3. [PCl4]+
4. [Cu(CN)4]3-
5. P4
Therefore, the total number of species with tetrahedral geometry is 5.
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