Assertion (A) : Achievement in STEM related courses is influenced by gender.

Reason (R) : Problem solving strategies used by boys and girls are different.

The correct option is Both (A) and (R) are false.

Analysis of Assertion (A):

Assertion (A) states that achievement in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) related courses is influenced by gender. Educational and psychological research demonstrates that gender itself does not determine or dictate innate cognitive ability, intelligence, or potential achievement in STEM subjects. Differences in STEM participation or achievement are predominantly driven by social, cultural, and environmental factors such as stereotyping, access to resources, and encouragement, rather than biological gender differences. Therefore, Assertion (A) is false.

Analysis of Reason (R):

Reason (R) states that problem-solving strategies used by boys and girls are different. Research in cognitive psychology shows that basic cognitive processes, logical reasoning, and problem-solving strategies do not inherently differ by gender. Both boys and girls utilize similar cognitive mechanisms and learning strategies when solving mathematical and scientific problems. Therefore, Reason (R) is also false.

Conclusion:

Since both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are factually and scientifically incorrect statements, the correct choice is that both (A) and (R) are false.