Biological Diversity Act 2002 was passed by the Government of India. It fulfilled ideals of which article of Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution of India?

The correct option is Article 48A.

Detailed Explanation:

1. Article 48A of the Constitution of India:
Article 48A is a Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP) that was added to the Constitution of India through the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976. It explicitly states that "The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country."

2. Biological Diversity Act, 2002:
To fulfill the constitutional ideals outlined in Article 48A and to adhere to the international commitments under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Parliament of India enacted the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. This Act provides a legal mechanism for the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable utilization of its components, and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.

3. Overview of Other Options:
• Article 48: Directs the State to organize agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines.
• Article 49: Places an obligation on the State to protect monuments, places, and objects of artistic or historic interest of national importance.
• Article 47: Mandates the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and to improve public health.