Question Details

Consider a hydrogen atom with vk, rk, and Kk denoting the velocity, orbital radius and kinetic energy of the electron in kth orbit, respectively. The electron undergoes a transition from the nth orbit, emitting radiation corresponding to the Lyman series. Considering h to be the Planck’s constant and ε0 the permittivity of free space, the correct statement(s) is/are:

Options

A

Magnitude of change in kinetic energy can be expressed as

h 4π | nvn rn - v1 r1 |
B

Magnitude of change in de Broglie wavelength can be expressed as 

e2 4ε0 | 1 Kn - 1 K1 |

C

Frequency of radiation emitted can be expressed as 

e2 8 π ε0 h ( 1 r1 - 1 rn )

D

Magnitude of change in total energy can be expressed as


h 2π | v1 r1 - nvn rn |
Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

Magnitude of change in kinetic energy can be expressed as

h 4π | nvn rn - v1 r1 |
Option C

Frequency of radiation emitted can be expressed as 

e2 8 π ε0 h ( 1 r1 - 1 rn )

Solution :

The correct statements are:
1. Magnitude of change in kinetic energy can be expressed as
h4π|nvnrn-v1r1|
2. Frequency of radiation emitted can be expressed as
e28πε0h(1r1-1rn)

Step-by-Step Derivation and Analysis:

Step 1: Expression for Kinetic Energy using Bohr's Quantization Condition
According to Bohr's postulate of angular momentum quantization for the kth orbit of a hydrogen atom:
mvkrk=kh2π
where m is the mass of the electron, vk is its orbital speed, and rk is the orbital radius.

The kinetic energy Kk in the kth orbit is defined as:
Kk=12mvk2

We can rewrite the kinetic energy by grouping terms:
Kk=12(mvkrk)vkrk

Substituting the angular momentum m vk rk = k h / (2π) into the kinetic energy equation gives:
Kk=12(kh2π)vkrk=h4πkvkrk

For a transition from the nth orbit to the 1st orbit (Lyman series transition), the change in kinetic energy is:
|ΔK|=|Kn-K1|=h4π|nvnrn-v1r1|

Step 2: Frequency of the Emitted Radiation
The electrostatic force provides the necessary centripetal acceleration for the circular orbit:
14πε0e2rk2=mvk2rk

Multiplying both sides by rk / 2 gives the expression for kinetic energy:
Kk=12mvk2=e28πε0rk

For a bound electron in a hydrogen atom, the total mechanical energy Ek is negative and equal in magnitude to the kinetic energy:
Ek=-Kk=-e28πε0rk

During the transition from the nth orbit to the 1st orbit, the energy of the emitted photon (hν) is equal to the difference in energy levels:
hν=En-E1=(-e28πε0rn)-(-e28πε0r1)
hν=e28πε0(1r1-1rn)

Dividing by Planck's constant h, the frequency ν of the emitted radiation is:
ν=e28πε0h(1r1-1rn)

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