Consider the following statements.

1. The International Solar Alliance was launched at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2015.
2. The Alliance includes all the member countries of the United Nations.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct answer is 1 only.

Let us analyze each statement carefully to understand why Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect.

Statement 1: "The International Solar Alliance was launched at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2015."

This statement is correct. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) was jointly launched by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, and the then President of France, François Hollande, on 30 November 2015 — on the sidelines of the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), held in Paris, France. COP21 is commonly referred to as the United Nations Climate Change Conference, 2015. The ISA was conceived as a coalition of solar resource-rich countries lying fully or partially between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn (the "Sunshine Countries"), with a primary goal of promoting solar energy deployment and mobilizing over $1 trillion in investments by 2030. So Statement 1 accurately describes both the occasion and the year of the ISA's launch.

Statement 2: "The Alliance includes all the member countries of the United Nations."

This statement is incorrect. The ISA was not open to all UN member countries at its inception. Originally, membership was restricted to countries lying fully or partially between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S) — i.e., countries within the tropical belt that receive abundant sunshine. This excluded many UN member nations located outside this belt, such as most of Europe, Canada, Russia, and others.

It is important to note that in 2020, the ISA amended its framework agreement to allow all UN member states to join, but this was a later development and a change in the eligibility criteria — not the original constitution of the Alliance. Therefore, at the time of its founding and in its original design, the Alliance did not include all UN member countries, making Statement 2 factually misleading and incorrect as an absolute claim about the Alliance's membership.

Conclusion: Since Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect, the answer is 1 only.