Consider the following statements regarding G20 cooperation in science and technology:

1. It encourages collaborative innovation among member nations.

2. It operates only through annual leaders’ summits.

Which of the statements is/are correct?

The correct option is Only 1 is correct.

Let us analyze both statements regarding G20 cooperation in science and technology:

Statement 1: It encourages collaborative innovation among member nations.
This statement is correct. G20 cooperation in science, technology, and innovation emphasizes strengthening collaborative efforts among member countries to address global challenges such as climate change, healthcare, digital transformation, and sustainable development through joint research, open science, and technology transfer.

Statement 2: It operates only through annual leaders’ summits.
This statement is incorrect. G20 science and technology cooperation does not function solely through annual leaders' summits. It involves dedicated working groups, engagement groups (such as Science 20 or S20), research ministers' meetings, and ongoing multilateral initiatives throughout the year.

Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.