Consider the following statements.

The India-Africa Summit

1. held in 2015 was the third such Summit.

2. was actually initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct answer is 1 only.

Let us analyze each statement carefully to understand why only Statement 1 is correct.

Statement 1: The India-Africa Summit held in 2015 was the third such Summit.

This statement is correct. The India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS) has been held three times so far:

• 1st India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS-I) — held in New Delhi, India, in 2008.
• 2nd India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS-II) — held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2011.
• 3rd India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS-III) — held in New Delhi, India, in October 2015.

The 2015 summit was indeed the third edition of the India-Africa Forum Summit. It was a landmark event attended by representatives from all 54 African nations, making it the largest-ever diplomatic congregation of African leaders on Indian soil. Hence, Statement 1 is factually accurate.

Statement 2: The India-Africa Summit was actually initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951.

This statement is incorrect. The India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS) was not initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951. The formal India-Africa Forum Summit process was launched in 2008, well after Nehru's era.

While it is true that Jawaharlal Nehru was a strong proponent of Asian-African solidarity and played a key role in organizing the Asian Relations Conference (1947) and was associated with the spirit of the Bandung Conference (1955), there was no India-Africa Summit initiated by him in 1951. That specific claim has no historical basis. The institutionalized India-Africa Forum Summit is a 21st-century initiative, formally beginning with the first summit in 2008.

Therefore, Statement 2 is factually wrong, as it incorrectly attributes the origin of the India-Africa Summit to Nehru in 1951.

Conclusion: Only Statement 1 is correct — the India-Africa Summit held in 2015 was indeed the third such summit. Statement 2 is historically inaccurate. Hence, the answer is 1 only.