Directions (86-89): In each of the questions below some statements are given followed by two conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements:
Only a few story is book
All book is tale
Conclusions:
I. All tale can be story
II. Some story can never be book
Correct Answer :
If both conclusions I and II follow
Solution :
Correct Answer: If both conclusions I and II follow
Let us analyze the statements and conclusions step-by-step using Syllogism concepts and Venn diagram representations:
Step 1: Analyze the Statements
1. "Only a few story is book":
This is a conditional statement that carries two meanings simultaneously:
- Some story is book (Positive relationship)
- Some story is NOT book (Negative relationship, meaning the entire set of "story" can never be inside "book")
2. "All book is tale":
This means the entire set of "book" is completely contained inside the set of "tale".
Step 2: Evaluate Conclusion I ("All tale can be story")
The term "can be" indicates a possibility.
Let's check if we can place the entire set of "tale" inside the set of "story" without violating any statements:
- If "All tale is story", then because "All book is tale", "All book" will also become part of "story".
- This does not contradict the statement "Only a few story is book" (which permits "Some story is book" and requires "Some story is not book"). Having all books inside stories is perfectly fine as long as there is still some part of the story set that remains outside the book set.
- Therefore, a possible diagram exists where the entire "tale" set (and consequently "book" set) lies inside the "story" set.
- Thus, Conclusion I follows.
Step 3: Evaluate Conclusion II ("Some story can never be book")
The phrase "can never be" means a definite negative relation (i.e., "Some story is not book" is a certainty).
From Statement 1, we have: "Only a few story is book".
As established in Step 1, the phrase "Only a few A is B" explicitly implies that "Some A is B" and "Some A is not B" are both definitely true.
Since "Some story is not book" is a direct and definite implication of the statement, it is absolutely true that some part of "story" can never be a part of "book".
- Thus, Conclusion II follows.
Since both Conclusion I and Conclusion II follow, the correct option is "If both conclusions I and II follow".
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