Fa-hien (Faxian), the Chinese pilgrim, travelled to India during the reign of [Medieval History]

The correct answer is Chandragupta II.

Detailed Explanation:

Fa-hien (also known as Faxian) was a pioneering Chinese Buddhist monk and translator who traveled to India on foot from China during the early 5th century CE. His primary goal was to visit sacred Buddhist sites and acquire authentic copies of the Buddhist scriptures (specifically the Vinaya Pitaka, or the rules of monastic discipline) to take back to China.

Fa-hien's journey to India lasted from approximately 399 CE to 412 CE. This period directly coincides with the reign of the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II (also known as Chandragupta Vikramaditya), who ruled the Gupta Empire from circa 375 CE to 415 CE.

In his travelogue, titled A Record of Buddhist Kingdoms (or Foguoji), Fa-hien described the peace, prosperity, and administration of the Middle Kingdom (India) under Gupta rule. Interestingly, while he wrote extensively about the social conditions, the vegetarian habits of the people, the mildness of the laws, and the flourishing state of Buddhism, he did not mention the name of the ruling emperor (Chandragupta II) directly in his accounts, focusing instead on religious life and governance.