Figure shows the output characteristics of two different Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT), BJT 1 with magnitude of Early voltage |V_A1|, and BJT 2 with magnitude of Early voltage |V_A2|. Which of the following options is/are correct regarding the Early voltages?

The correct options are:

$\left|V_{A1}\right|<\left|V_{A2}\right|$

and

$\left|V_{A2}\right|\text{is finite}$

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. Understanding the Early Effect:
The Early effect (base-width modulation) in a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) causes the collector current $I_C$ in the active region to increase slightly with an increase in the collector-to-emitter voltage $V_{CE}$. The relationship is modeled as:
$I_C=I_{C0}\left(1+\frac{V_{CE}}{\left|}\right)$
where $I_{C0}$ is the ideal collector current without the Early effect, and $\left|V_A\right|$ is the magnitude of the Early voltage.

2. Slope of the Characteristics:
Differentiating $I_C$ with respect to $V_{CE}$ in the active region gives the output conductance (slope of the curve):
$\text{Slope}=\frac{d{I}_C}{d{V}_{CE}}=\frac{I_{C0}}{\left|}$
This demonstrates that the slope of the output characteristic curve is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the Early voltage $\left|V_A\right|$.

3. Analyzing the Graphical Data:
From the provided image, we can observe the output characteristics for BJT 1 (solid curve) and BJT 2 (dashed curve) at a constant base current $I_B$:
- The slope of the active region for BJT 1 is steeper than that of BJT 2.
- Mathematically, this is expressed as:
${\text{Slope}}_1>{\text{Slope}}_2$
- Substituting the inverse relation with Early voltage:
$\frac{1}{\left|}>\frac{1}{\left|}$
- Rearranging the inequality yields:
$\left|V_{A1}\right|<\left|V_{A2}\right|$

4. Finiteness of Early Voltage:
The extrapolation of the active region slope of BJT 2 intersects the negative voltage axis at a clear, non-infinite point labeled in the diagram. Because the slope is non-zero, this intersection lies at a finite voltage value. Therefore, the magnitude of the Early voltage for BJT 2, $\left|V_{A2}\right|$, is finite.