Find out correct graph
Correct Answer :
Solution :
The correct option is:
Step-by-Step Explanation:
To determine the correct relationship between the electromotive force of a cell () and temperature (), we can analyze the fundamental thermodynamic relations governing an electrochemical cell.
1. Relationship between Gibbs Free Energy and Cell EMF:
The standard change in Gibbs free energy () for an electrochemical reaction is given by:
where is the number of moles of electrons transferred and is Faraday's constant.
2. Fundamental Thermodynamic Relation:
From thermodynamics, the relationship between Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change (), and entropy change () is:
3. Expressing as a function of Temperature ():
Substituting into the thermodynamic relation gives:
Dividing both sides by :
Or equivalently, written in slope-intercept form ():
4. Analyzing the Slope and Graph:
Comparing this to the equation of a straight line :
- The y-axis represents .
- The x-axis represents Temperature ().
- The slope () is given by the temperature coefficient of EMF, .
For a standard cell reaction where entropy decreases (), the slope is negative. Therefore, as temperature increases, decreases linearly with a negative slope, starting from a positive y-intercept ( for an exothermic cell reaction where ).
This linear decrease of with increasing Temperature is correctly represented by the graph showing a straight line with a negative slope, as shown in the selected option.
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