“Geography is the study of human beings and environment where nature is supreme that dictates the lifestyle of human beings.” Identify the geographical approach referred to in this statement.

The correct option is Environmental Determinism.

Step-by-step Explanation:

1. Understanding the Statement:
The statement reads: "Geography is the study of human beings and environment where nature is supreme that dictates the lifestyle of human beings." The key phrase here is "nature is supreme that dictates the lifestyle of human beings". This indicates a school of thought where the physical environment (nature) is the active, dominant force that controls, shapes, and determines human activities, culture, and lifestyle.

2. Analyzing the Options:
• Environmental Determinism: This geographical approach posits that the physical environment, especially the climate and terrain, actively controls and determines human behavior, decision-making, and societal development. Humans are seen as passive agents responding to nature's dictates. This matches the provided statement perfectly.
• Possibilism: This approach is the opposite of determinism. It suggests that the environment sets certain constraints or limitations, but culture and human choices determine how social groups respond and adapt, highlighting human agency over nature.
• Behaviouralism: This approach focuses on human perception and cognition of the environment, analyzing how individuals make spatial decisions based on their mental maps or subjective understanding.
• Humanism: This approach emphasizes human agency, consciousness, values, and experiences in geographical studies, focusing on the subjective meaning people attach to places.

3. Conclusion:
Since the statement explicitly describes nature as "supreme" and as the force that "dictates" human life, it directly refers to the philosophy of Environmental Determinism.