Question Details

Given the following Karnaugh Map for a Boolean function F(w,x,y,z)

                                  

Options

A

w¯ x¯ y¯ z¯ + w x¯ y¯ z¯ + w¯ x¯ y z¯ + w x¯ y z¯ + x z

B

w¯ x¯ y¯ z¯ + w¯ x¯ y z¯ + w x¯ y z + x z

C

w¯ x¯ y¯ z¯ + w x¯ y¯ z¯ + w x¯ y¯ z + x z

D

x¯ z¯ + x z

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

w¯ x¯ y¯ z¯ + w x¯ y¯ z¯ + w¯ x¯ y z¯ + w x¯ y z¯ + x z

Option D

x¯ z¯ + x z

Solution :

The correct options/answers are:
1. x¯ z¯ + x z
2. w¯ x¯ y¯ z¯ + w x¯ y¯ z¯ + w¯ x¯ y z¯ + w x¯ y z¯ + x z

Step-by-Step Analysis of the Karnaugh Map (K-Map):

Based on the provided K-map image, the map corresponds to a 4-variable Boolean function F(w,x,y,z) where:
- The rows represent combinations of wx in the standard Gray code sequence: 00, 01, 11, and 10.
- The columns represent combinations of yz in the sequence: 00, 01, 11, and 10.

Looking at the values in the grid, we identify the cells containing 1s:
- Row wx=00: 1s are in columns yz=00 and yz=10.
- Row wx=01: 1s are in columns yz=01 and yz=11.
- Row wx=11: 1s are in columns yz=01 and yz=11.
- Row wx=10: 1s are in columns yz=00 and yz=10.

Grouping the 1s to simplify the Boolean expression:

1. Grouping the Center 1s (Quad group in the middle):
The four cells at the center are (wx,yz)={(01,01),(01,11),(11,01),(11,11)}.
- Across rows 01 and 11, w changes from 0 to 1 (eliminated), and x remains constant at 1 (x is kept).
- Across columns 01 and 11, y changes from 0 to 1 (eliminated), and z remains constant at 1 (z is kept).
Combining these gives the term: xz.

2. Grouping the Corner 1s:
The four corners of the K-map contain 1s at (wx,yz)={(00,00),(00,10),(10,00),(10,10)<>}.
If we simplify the corner group directly:
- Across the top row (00) and bottom row (10), w changes from 0 to 1 (eliminated), and x remains constant at 0 (x¯ is kept).
- Across the leftmost column (00) and rightmost column (10), y changes from 0 to 1 (eliminated), and z remains constant at 0 (z¯ is kept).
Thus, the corner group simplifies to: x¯z¯.

Combining the center and corner groups yields the fully minimized expression:
F = x¯ z¯ + x z

Alternative Expression Formulation:
If we write the four corner cells individually as sum-of-minterms instead of simplifying them together, we get:
- Cell (00, 00) = w¯x¯y¯z¯
- Cell (10, 00) = wx¯y¯z¯
- Cell (00, 10) = w¯x¯yz¯
- Cell (10, 10) = wx¯yz¯
Adding these individual corner minterms along with the simplified center term xz yields the alternative representation:
F = w¯ x¯ y¯ z¯ + w x¯ y¯ z¯ + w¯ x¯ y z¯ + w x¯ y z¯ + x z

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