Question Details

If C r+1 36 = 6 C r 35 k2 - 3 , then number of ordered pairs (r,k) , where r,k , is ____

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Correct Answer :

4

Solution :

The correct answer is 4.

Let us write down the given equation:
C r+1 36 = 6 C r 35 k2 - 3

For the combinations C r+1 36 and C r 35 to be defined and non-zero, we must have:
0 r 35 and 0 r + 1 36
Since r, this gives the domain for r as:
r { 0 , 1 , 2 , , 35 }

Using the combination identity C y x = x y C y-1 x-1 , we can write:
C r+1 36 = 36 r+1 C r 35

Substitute this back into the original equation:
36 r+1 C r 35 = 6 C r 35 k2 - 3

Since Cr350, we can divide both sides by C r 35 :
36 r+1 = 6 k2 - 3

Dividing both sides by 6, we get:
6 r+1 = 1 k2 - 3
Rearranging for r+1:
r + 1 = 6 ( k2 - 3 )

Since we require 0r35, we have:
1 r + 1 36
Substituting r+1=6(k2-3) into the inequality:
1 6 ( k2 - 3 ) 36
Dividing by 6:
1 6 k2 - 3 6
Adding 3 to all parts of the inequality:
3 1 6 k2 9

Since k, its square k2 must be a perfect square integer. The only perfect square integers between 3.17 and 9 inclusive are 4 and 9.

Let's analyze these cases:
Case 1: k2=4
This gives k=2 or k=-2.
Substituting k2=4 into the equation for r:
r + 1 = 6 ( 4 - 3 ) = 6 r = 5
Since 0535, this yields two valid ordered pairs: (5,2) and (5,-2).

Case 2: k2=9
This gives k=3 or k=-3.
Substituting k2=9 into the equation for r:
r + 1 = 6 ( 9 - 3 ) = 36 r = 35
Since 03535, this yields another two valid ordered pairs: (35,3) and (35,-3).

Thus, the complete set of ordered pairs (r,k) is:
{ (5,2) , (5,-2) , (35,3) , (35,-3) }

The total number of ordered pairs is 4.

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