Question Details

If S = { z C : | z i | = | z + i | = | z 1 | } , then, n(S) is :

Options

A

1

B

0

C

3

D

2

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

1

1

Solution :

The correct answer is Option 1: n(S) = 1.

We are given the set S={zC:|z-i|=|z+i|=|z-1|} and we need to find how many complex numbers satisfy all three conditions simultaneously.

Let z=x+iy, where x,y. We will interpret each modulus condition geometrically — the modulus |z-a| represents the distance from the point z in the complex plane to the point a.

Step 1: Apply the condition |z - i| = |z + i|

This says the distance from z to the point i (which is (0,1)) equals the distance from z to the point -i (which is (0,-1)).

Geometrically, all such points lie on the perpendicular bisector of the segment joining (0,1) and (0,-1), which is simply the real axis.

Algebraically:
|z-i|=|z+i|
x2+(y-1)2=x2+(y+1)2

Squaring both sides:
x2+y2-2y+1=x2+y2+2y+1
-2y=2y
4y=0
y=0

So from this condition, z must lie on the real axis, i.e., y=0.

Step 2: Apply the condition |z + i| = |z - 1|

This says the distance from z to -i (i.e., (0,-1)) equals the distance from z to 1 (i.e., (1,0)).

Algebraically:
x2+(y+1)2=(x-1)2+y2

Squaring both sides:
x2+y2+2y+1=x2-2x+1+y2
2y=-2x
y=-x

So from this condition, z must lie on the line y=-x.

Step 3: Solve the system simultaneously

From Step 1: y=0
From Step 2: y=-x

Substituting y=0 into y=-x:
0=-xx=0

Therefore, the unique solution is z=0+0i=0.

Step 4: Verify the solution z = 0

|0-i|=|-i|=1
|0+i|=|i|=1
|0-1|=|-1|=1

All three distances are equal to 1. ✓ So z=0 is the only element of S.

Conclusion: The set S={0} contains exactly one element.

Therefore, n(S)=1.

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