For the question below, several statements are presented, followed by two conclusions designated as I and II. You must assume the statements are completely true, regardless of whether they conflict with real-world facts. Analyze the conclusions and determine which one(s) logically follow from the statements.
Statements:
All Apple are Fruit.
Some Carrot are Sweet.
No Apple is Carrot.
Conclusions:
I: All Fruit being Carrot is a possibility.
II: Some Sweet are not Apple.
Correct Answer :
If only conclusion II follows.
Solution :
Correct Answer: If only conclusion II follows.
Let us analyze the given statements step-by-step using standard syllogism and logical reasoning rules:
Given Statements:
1. All Apple are Fruit.
2. Some Carrot are Sweet.
3. No Apple is Carrot.
Analyzing Conclusion I: All Fruit being Carrot is a possibility.
From Statement 1, we know that All Apple are Fruit (meaning all Apple are inside Fruit).
From Statement 3, we know that No Apple is Carrot (Apple and Carrot cannot overlap at all).
If all Fruit were to become Carrot, then since all Apple are inside Fruit, all Apple would also have to become Carrot. However, Statement 3 explicitly forbids any overlap between Apple and Carrot (No Apple is Carrot). Therefore, it is impossible for all Fruit to be Carrot.
Thus, Conclusion I does not follow.
Analyzing Conclusion II: Some Sweet are not Apple.
From Statement 2, we know that Some Carrot are Sweet. This means there is a specific portion of Sweet that contains Carrots (or is common with Carrots).
From Statement 3, we know that No Apple is Carrot, which means no part of Apple can be a Carrot.
Since the portion of Sweet that consists of Carrots cannot be Apple, those specific Sweets (which are Carrots) can never be Apple. Therefore, Some Sweet are definitely not Apple.
Thus, Conclusion II logically follows.
Conclusion:
Only conclusion II logically follows from the given statements.
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