In each of the questions below some statements are given followed by two conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements:
No play is game.
No search is ground.
Some game is search.
Conclusion:
I. Some play is ground
II. No play is ground
Correct Answer :
If either conclusion I or II follows.
Solution :
Correct Answer: If either conclusion I or II follows.
Step-by-Step Explanation:
Let us analyze the given statements and conclusions using basic logical principles and Venn diagram analysis.
1. Analyze the Given Statements:
• Statement 1: "No play is game." (There is no overlap between the category 'Play' and 'Game'.)
• Statement 2: "No search is ground." (There is no overlap between the category 'Search' and 'Ground'.)
• Statement 3: "Some game is search." (There is a common overlap between 'Game' and 'Search'.)
2. Evaluate the Relationship Between 'Play' and 'Ground':
Notice that there is no direct or definitive connection specified in the statements between the term 'play' and the term 'ground'. Therefore, the relationship between 'play' and 'ground' is completely uncertain or indefinite.
3. Analyze the Conclusions:
• Conclusion I: "Some play is ground" (Affirmative statement)
• Conclusion II: "No play is ground" (Negative statement)
Since the relationship between 'play' and 'ground' is unknown, individually neither conclusion can be definitely proven true.
4. Apply the Either-Or Complementary Pair Rule:
An "either-or" case between two conclusions holds true if all the following conditions are met:
1. Both conclusions contain the same subject and predicate (here, 'play' and 'ground' are present in both conclusions).
2. Both individual conclusions are uncertain / cannot be definitely determined from the given statements.
3. The conclusions form a complementary pair, such that one is affirmative and the other is negative (here, "Some" + "No" forms a complementary pair).
Since any two terms in logic must either have at least some overlap or no overlap at all, either Conclusion I must be true or Conclusion II must be true. They cannot both be false simultaneously, nor can they both be true simultaneously.
Therefore, either conclusion I or II follows.
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