In Indian philosophy, which two major paths to liberation are emphasized?

The correct option is Karma and Jnana.

In Indian philosophy, liberation (Moksha) from the cycle of rebirth (Samsara) is the ultimate goal of human life. Traditionally, Vedic and classical philosophy highlights two principal paths (margas) to achieve this liberation:

1. Karma Marga (Path of Action): This path emphasizes selfless action, fulfilling one's duties (Dharma), and performing rituals without attachment to the results (Nishkama Karma).

2. Jnana Marga (Path of Knowledge): This path emphasizes spiritual wisdom, self-realization, and the intellectual discrimination between the eternal self (Atman) and the non-eternal world (Maya).

While paths like Bhakti (Devotion) and Yoga (Meditation) were also developed, Karma and Jnana represent the foundational duality of action and knowledge emphasized in early Indian philosophical traditions (such as Mimamsa and Vedanta).