Question Details

In the following questions, the symbols- &, @, % and $ are used with the following meanings as illustrated below. Study the following information and answer the given questions. In each of the questions given below statements are followed by some conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements regarding commonly known facts.


A@B means “All A are B”
A&B means “Only a few A are B”
A$B means “No A is B”
A%B means “Some A is B”

Statement: P&R%T$Q@M
Conclusions:
I. Some R being not Q is a possibility
II. All M can be T
III. Some T being not P is a possibility
IV. All P can never be R

Options

A

Both III and IV

B

Only I

C

Both II and III

D

Only IV

E

Only III

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

Both III and IV

Solution :

The correct answer is Both III and IV.


Let's decode the given symbols and decode the statements and conclusions step-by-step:


Symbol Decoding:
1. A@B ⇒ All A are B
2. A&B ⇒ Only a few A are B (This means: Some A are B AND Some A are NOT B)
3. A$B ⇒ No A is B
4. A%B ⇒ Some A is B


Given Statement:
P&R%T$Q@M
This breaks down into the following individual statements:
- P&R: Only a few P are R (Some P are R and Some P are not R).
- R%T: Some R are T.
- T$Q: No T is Q.
- Q@M: All Q are M.


Evaluating Conclusions:


Conclusion I: Some R being not Q is a possibility
From the statements, we know that Some R are T and No T is Q. This implies that the portion of R that is inside T can NEVER be Q. Therefore, "Some R are not Q" is a definite true fact, not just a possibility. Since a definite true relationship cannot be stated as a mere possibility, Conclusion I does not follow.


Conclusion II: All M can be T
All Q are inside M, and No Q can be T (since No T is Q). If all M were inside T, then Q would also have to be inside T, which contradicts "No T is Q". Therefore, All M can never be T. Thus, Conclusion II does not follow.


Conclusion III: Some T being not P is a possibility
There is no direct negative or restrictive relationship given between T and P (we only know Some R are T and Only a few P are R). Thus, a potential overlapping where Some T are not P is completely possible. Therefore, Conclusion III logically follows.


Conclusion IV: All P can never be R
From the statement P&R ("Only a few P are R"), it is a definite rule that while Some P are R, there must also be Some P that are NOT R. Because of this restricted relation, it is impossible for All P to be R. Hence, "All P can never be R" is a definite truth. Therefore, Conclusion IV logically follows.


Hence, conclusions III and IV logically follow.

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