In the Government of India Act 1919, the functions of Provincial Government were divided into “Reserved” and “Transferred” subjects. Which of the following were treated as “Reserved” subjects?

1. Administration of Justice

2. Local Self-Government

3. Land Revenue

4. Police

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct answer is 1, 3 and 4 (which corresponds to the subjects Administration of Justice, Land Revenue, and Police).

Step-by-Step Explanation:

The Government of India Act 1919 introduced a system of dual government known as "dyarchy" at the provincial level. Under this system, the provincial subjects of administration were divided into two distinct categories: "Reserved" subjects and "Transferred" subjects.

1. Reserved Subjects:
These subjects were considered vital for the law, order, and revenue collection of the state, and were kept under the direct control of the Governor and his Executive Council. They were not responsible to the provincial legislature. The key reserved subjects included:
• Administration of Justice
• Land Revenue
• Police
• Finance
• Irrigation, and others.

2. Transferred Subjects:
These subjects were administered by the Governor with the help of Ministers who were responsible to the Legislative Council. These were generally nation-building departments and local services, including:
• Local Self-Government
• Education
• Public Health
• Agriculture, and others.

Analyzing the items in the question:
• 1. Administration of Justice: Treated as a Reserved subject.
• 2. Local Self-Government: Treated as a Transferred subject.
• 3. Land Revenue: Treated as a Reserved subject.
• 4. Police: Treated as a Reserved subject.

Therefore, items 1, 3, and 4 were treated as "Reserved" subjects, making 1, 3 and 4 the correct answer.