In the question given below, an Assertion (A) is given, followed by a Reason (R) which may or may not explain the assertion. From the given options, choose the right answer .

Assertion (A): Population growth can be expressed in absolute and percentage terms.

Reason (R): Percentage growth alone provides complete demographic trends.

The correct option is A is true, but R is false.

Assertion (A) Analysis:
Population growth refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a territory during a specific period of time. This change can be expressed in two primary ways:
1. Absolute numbers: Obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population from the later population (e.g., an increase of 10 million people).
2. Percentage terms: Expressed as a percentage change per year or decade (e.g., a growth rate of 1.2% per annum).
Therefore, Assertion (A) is correct and true.

Reason (R) Analysis:
Percentage growth rate indicates the rate of change, but percentage growth alone does not provide complete demographic trends. A complete demographic analysis requires studying multiple factors such as absolute numbers, age-sex composition, birth rates, death rates, migration patterns, and spatial distribution.
Therefore, Reason (R) is incorrect and false.

Conclusion:
Since Assertion (A) is a true statement and Reason (R) is a false statement, the correct choice is that A is true, but R is false.