Let R be the relation on N (set of Natural numbers) defined by R = {(a, b): a, b ∈ N and b is divisible by a}. Then the relation R is
Correct Answer :
Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.
Solution :
The correct option is Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.
Let us analyze the given relation defined on the set of natural numbers :
To determine the nature of the relation , we test for three properties: reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity.
1. Reflexivity:
A relation on is reflexive if for every , the pair .
Since any natural number is always divisible by itself (i.e., , which is an integer), the condition " is divisible by " holds true for all .
Therefore, for all , meaning the relation is reflexive.
2. Symmetry:
A relation on is symmetric if implies .
Let us test this with a counterexample. Consider and .
Since 4 is divisible by 2, we have .
However, 2 is not divisible by 4 (since , which is not a natural number). Thus, .
Since does not guarantee that , the relation is not symmetric.
3. Transitivity:
A relation on is transitive if whenever and , it must be that .
Let and .
This means:
- is divisible by , so there exists some integer such that .
- is divisible by , so there exists some integer such that .
Substituting into the equation for gives:
Since and are integers, their product is also an integer. This shows that is divisible by , which implies .
Therefore, the relation is transitive.
Conclusion:
Since is reflexive and transitive, but not symmetric, it is classified as Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.
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