Question Details

Let R be the relation on N (set of Natural numbers) defined by R = {(a, b): a, b ∈ N and b is divisible by a}. Then the relation R is


Options

A

Reflexive, symmetric but not Transitive.

B

Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.


C

Not Reflexive, not transitive, not symmetric.


D

Equivalence relation.


Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option B

Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.


Solution :

The correct option is Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.

Let us analyze the given relation R defined on the set of natural numbers N:
R={(a,b):a,bN and b is divisible by a}

To determine the nature of the relation R, we test for three properties: reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity.

1. Reflexivity:
A relation R on N is reflexive if for every aN, the pair (a,a)R.
Since any natural number a is always divisible by itself (i.e., a/a=1, which is an integer), the condition "a is divisible by a" holds true for all a��N.
Therefore, (a,a)R for all aN, meaning the relation R is reflexive.

2. Symmetry:
A relation R on N is symmetric if (a,b)R implies (b,a)R.
Let us test this with a counterexample. Consider a=2 and b=4.
Since 4 is divisible by 2, we have (2,4)R.
However, 2 is not divisible by 4 (since 2/4=0.5, which is not a natural number). Thus, (4,2)R.
Since (a,b)R does not guarantee that (b,a)R, the relation R is not symmetric.

3. Transitivity:
A relation R on N is transitive if whenever (a,b)R and (b,c)R, it must be that (a,c)R.
Let (a,b)R and (b,c)R.
This means:
- b is divisible by a, so there exists some integer k such that b=ka.
- c is divisible by b, so there exists some integer m such that c=mb.
Substituting b=ka into the equation for c gives:
c=m(ka)=(mk)a
Since m and k are integers, their product mk is also an integer. This shows that c is divisible by a, which implies (a,c)R.
Therefore, the relation R is transitive.

Conclusion:
Since R is reflexive and transitive, but not symmetric, it is classified as Reflexive, Transitive but not symmetric.

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