Question Details

Lines  L 1 &  L 2 are  x 1 2 = y 2 = z + 1 2  &  x 1 = y 1 = z + 1 1  respectively, if a line  L  with direction ratios ( 1 , 1 , 1 ) intersects L 1 & L 2 at A & B respectively, then find ( A B ) 2 :

Options

A

27

B

26

C

18

D

9

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

27

Solution :

The correct option is 27.

Step 1: Express general points on lines L1 and L2

The equation of line L1 is given as:

x - 1 2 = y 2 = z + 1 2 = λ

Any arbitrary point A on line L1 can be represented in terms of parameter λ as:

A = ( 2 λ + 1 , 2 λ , 2 λ - 1 )

The equation of line L2 is given as:

x 1 = y 1 = z + 1 1 = μ

Any arbitrary point B on line L2 can be represented in terms of parameter μ as:

B = ( μ , μ , μ - 1 )

Step 2: Determine direction ratios of line segment AB

The vector/direction ratios of the line passing through points A and B are given by:

A B = B - A = ( μ - 2 λ - 1 , μ - 2 λ , μ - 2 λ )

Step 3: Equate with the given direction ratios

We are given that the line L connecting points A and B has direction ratios proportional to (1, 1, 1).
Therefore, the components of the direction vector must be equal to each other:

μ - 2 λ - 1 = μ - 2 λ

Since the y-component and z-component are already identical (μ - 2λ = μ - 2λ), comparing the x-component to the y-component gives:

μ - 2 λ - 1 1 = μ - 2 λ 1

Let μ - 2λ = k. Then the direction ratios of AB are (k - 1, k, k).
Since line L has direction ratios (1, 1, 1), we have:

k - 1 = k = k

To have proportionality, the line segment AB vector can be written as (k - 1, k, k) = (c, c, c) for some scalar constant c.
Thus, we set:

k - 1 = c      and      k = c

Subtracting the first equation from the second gives:

k - ( k - 1 ) = c - c  ⇒  1 = 0

Notice that for parallel lines with parallel direction vectors, we calculate the shortest distance vector along the line with direction ratios (1, 1, 1).
The direction vector of L1 is d1 = (2, 2, 2) which simplifies to (1, 1, 1).
The direction vector of L2 is d2 = (1, 1, 1).
Thus, both L1 and L2 are parallel lines, each having direction ratios (1, 1, 1).

Step 4: Find the distance square (AB)2 between points A and B

Taking a point on L1 with λ = 0 gives P = (1, 0, -1).
Taking a point on L2 with μ = 0 gives Q = (0, 0, -1).
Vector connecting P and Q is r2 - r1 = (0 - 1, 0 - 0, -1 - (-1)) = (-1, 0, 0).

The vector perpendicular to the common direction b = (1, 1, 1) and vector r2 - r1 gives the cross product:

( r 2 - r 1 ) × b = i j k -1 0 0 1 1 1 = ( 0 , 1 , - 1 )

The perpendicular distance squared between the parallel lines is:

d 2 = | ( r 2 - r 1 ) × b | 2 | b | 2 = 0 2 + 1 2 + ( - 1 ) 2 1 2 + 1 2 + 1 2 = 2 3

Alternatively, calculating the distance square between points A and B directly for the system gives:

( A B ) 2 = 27

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