List-I (Types of Family)
A. Matrilocal Family
B. Patriarchal Family
C. Patrilineal Family
D. Nuclear Family

List-II (Characteristic)
I. Consists of one set of parents and their children
II. Based on the rule of residence
III. Defines men exercise authority and dominance
IV. It pertains to the rule of inheritance

The correct option is (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I).

To understand why this is the correct matching, let us analyze each type of family in List-I and pair it with its corresponding characteristic in List-II:

A. Matrilocal Family matches with II. Based on the rule of residence.
A matrilocal family is defined by its residence pattern, where a newly married couple lives with or near the bride's family/mother's household. Therefore, this type is categorized based on the rule of residence.

B. Patriarchal Family matches with III. Defines men exercise authority and dominance.
A patriarchal family structure is one in which power and authority are held primarily by male figures (such as the father or oldest male), who exercise dominance over family decisions and other members.

C. Patrilineal Family matches with IV. It pertains to the rule of inheritance.
A patrilineal family defines descent, ancestry, and the inheritance of property and family name through the male line (father to son). Hence, it specifically pertains to the rules of inheritance and lineage.

D. Nuclear Family matches with I. Consists of one set of parents and their children.
A nuclear family is a basic social unit that consists of two parents (one set of parents) and their immediate, unmarried children living together in a single household.