Match List - I with List - II.

	List-I		List-II
(a)	Allen’s Rule	(i)	Kangaroo rat
(b)	Physiological adaptation	(ii)	Desert lizard
(c)	Behavioral adaptation	(iii)	Marine fish at depth
(d)	Biochemical adaptation	(iv)	Polar seal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The correct option is (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii).

Let us analyze and match each adaptation concept listed in List-I with the corresponding example in List-II:

(a) Allen's Rule matches with (iv) Polar seal:
Allen's Rule states that mammals living in colder climates (like polar regions) generally have shorter ears and limbs to minimize heat loss. The polar seal is a classic example, having a thick layer of fat (blubber) and reduced extremities to conserve body heat in freezing waters.

(b) Physiological adaptation matches with (i) Kangaroo rat:
A physiological adaptation involves internal bodily functions that help an organism survive in its environment. The kangaroo rat, native to North American deserts, meets all its water requirements through its internal fat oxidation (where water is a metabolic byproduct). It can also concentrate its urine to a minimal volume to conserve water.

(c) Behavioral adaptation matches with (ii) Desert lizard:
A behavioral adaptation is an action or behavior an organism performs to survive. The desert lizard lacks the physiological ability to cope with high temperatures. Instead, it manages its body temperature behaviorally by basking in the sun to absorb heat when its body temperature drops, and moving into the shade when it starts getting hot.

(d) Biochemical adaptation matches with (iii) Marine fish at depth:
A biochemical adaptation involves molecular or chemical processes occurring within cells. Marine invertebrates and fish living at great depths in the ocean experience crushing hydrostatic pressures. They possess specialized biochemical adaptations (such as pressure-resistant enzymes and protein stabilizers) that allow their cellular processes to function normally under extreme pressure.

Combining these matches, we get:
(a) - (iv)
(b) - (i)
(c) - (ii)
(d) - (iii)