Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| Interspecies Relationships | Features |
|
(A) Commensalism (B) Mutualism (C) Amensalism (D) Parasitism |
(I) One species is benefitted at the expense of the other (II) One species is harmed and the other is unaffected (III) Both the species are benefitted (IV) One species benefits and other remains unaffected |
Correct Answer :
(A)- (IV), (B)- (III), (C)- (II), (D)- (I)
Solution :
The correct answer is (A)- (IV), (B)- (III), (C)- (II), (D)- (I).
Let us break down and understand the different types of interspecies interactions step-by-step:
1. Commensalism (A):
Commensalism is an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm. In this relationship, one species benefits and the other remains unaffected (0). Therefore, (A) matches with (IV).
2. Mutualism (B):
Mutualism describes an interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit. Since both species gain advantage from the association, they both benefit (+ / +). Therefore, (B) matches with (III).
3. Amensalism (C):
Amensalism is an interaction where one species is harmed, while the other is unaffected. For example, when a larger organism excludes a smaller one from a food source or shelter, or releases a chemical that harms another organism without affecting itself (- / 0). Therefore, (C) matches with (II).
4. Parasitism (D):
Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, lives on or in another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. Here, one species benefits at the expense of the other, which is harmed (+ / -). Therefore, (D) matches with (I).
Combining all the matches:
(A) - (IV)
(B) - (III)
(C) - (II)
(D) - (I)
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