Match List I with List II

LIST I

(A) Insulin (B) Protein (C) Thyroxin (D) Vitamin C

LIST II

(I) Kwashiorkor (II) Scurvy (III) Diabetes (IV) Goitre

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

The correct option is A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Let us understand the biological relationship between each term in List I and the corresponding health condition or disease in List II:

(A) Insulin matches with (III) Diabetes:
Insulin is an essential hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. It helps regulate blood glucose levels by enabling cells to absorb and utilize glucose. A deficiency of insulin, or a lack of response to it, leads to a chronic metabolic disorder known as Diabetes mellitus, characterized by high blood sugar levels.

(B) Protein matches with (I) Kwashiorkor:
Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a critical deficiency of protein in the diet, even when overall calorie intake may be sufficient. It commonly occurs in infants and young children, leading to symptoms like a swollen abdomen (edema), stunted growth, and skin and hair changes.

(C) Thyroxin matches with (IV) Goitre:
Thyroxin is a vital hormone secreted by the thyroid gland to control metabolism. The synthesis of thyroxin requires dietary iodine. A deficiency of iodine impairs thyroxin production, causing the thyroid gland to enlarge in an attempt to compensate. This physical enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck is known as a Goitre.

(D) Vitamin C matches with (II) Scurvy:
Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for the synthesis of collagen, which keeps blood vessels, skin, and bones healthy. A prolonged deficiency of Vitamin C in the diet leads to Scurvy, which manifests as swollen and bleeding gums, muscle weakness, joint pain, and delayed wound healing.

By mapping these connections, the correct matching is:
A matches with III
B matches with I
C matches with IV
D matches with II