Match list I with list II
| List I (In a square of opposition) |
List II (Resultant) |
||
| (A) | 'A' being given as true |
(I) | 'O' is undetermined |
| (B) | E' being given as true |
(II) | T' is undetermined |
| (C) | T' being given as true |
(III) | 'T is true |
| (D) | 'O' being given as true | (IV) | 'T' is false |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Correct Answer :
(А)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
Solution :
The correct option is (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II).
Note: In the given question, the symbol 'T' (or 'T'') is a typographical representation of the proposition 'I' (the Particular Affirmative statement) in the traditional Square of Opposition.
To understand the relationships, let us first recall the four standard categorical propositions in the Square of Opposition:
1. A: Universal Affirmative (e.g., "All S are P")
2. E: Universal Negative (e.g., "No S are P")
3. I (represented as 'T' in the question): Particular Affirmative (e.g., "Some S are P")
4. O: Particular Negative (e.g., "Some S are not P")
Now, let's analyze each case step-by-step to match List I with List II:
Step 1: Analyze (A) - 'A' being given as true
When the universal affirmative proposition 'A' is true:
- Its contradictory, 'O', must be false.
- Its contrary, 'E', must be false.
- Its subaltern, 'I' (represented as 'T'), must also be true.
Thus, 'T' is true, which corresponds to (III).
Step 2: Analyze (B) - 'E' being given as true
When the universal negative proposition 'E' is true:
- Its contradictory, 'I' (represented as 'T'), must be false.
- Its contrary, 'A', must be false.
- Its subaltern, 'O', must be true.
Thus, 'T' is false, which corresponds to (IV).
Step 3: Analyze (C) - 'I' (represented as 'T') being given as true
When the particular affirmative proposition 'I' ('T') is true:
- Its contradictory, 'E', must be false.
- Its superaltern, 'A', is undetermined (it could be true or false).
- Its subcontrary, 'O', is also undetermined.
Thus, 'O' is undetermined, which corresponds to (I).
Step 4: Analyze (D) - 'O' being given as true
When the particular negative proposition 'O' is true:
- Its contradictory, 'A', must be false.
- Its superaltern, 'E', is undetermined.
- Its subcontrary, 'I' (represented as 'T'), is undetermined.
Thus, 'T' is undetermined, which corresponds to (II).
Putting it all together, we obtain the correct match:
(A) ⇒ (III)
(B) ⇒ (IV)
(C) ⇒ (I)
(D) ⇒ (II)
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