Match List – I with List – II.

List – I (Water specific diseases)	List – II (Examples)
A. Water borne diseases	I. Malaria
B. Water washed diseases	II. Schistosomiasis
C. Water based diseases	III. Typhoid
D. Water related diseases	IV. Trachoma

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct option is A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I.

To understand why this match is correct, let us look at the classification of water-related diseases based on their transmission pathways:

A. Water-borne diseases (Matches with III. Typhoid)
These diseases are transmitted by drinking water contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Typhoid fever is a classic example of a water-borne disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, which spreads through contaminated food and water.

B. Water-washed diseases (Matches with IV. Trachoma)
Also known as water-scarce diseases, these occur due to a lack of adequate water for personal hygiene and washing. Trachoma is a bacterial eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which spreads easily in environments with poor sanitation and insufficient water for washing hands and faces.

C. Water-based diseases (Matches with II. Schistosomiasis)
These are caused by parasitic organisms that spend a part of their life cycle in aquatic hosts (such as freshwater snails). Schistosomiasis (also known as bilharzia) is caused by parasitic worms, and infection occurs when skin comes into contact with contaminated freshwater containing these larval forms.

D. Water-related vector-borne diseases (Matches with I. Malaria)
These diseases are transmitted by insect vectors, such as mosquitoes, that breed in or near water. Malaria is transmitted by the bite of infective female Anopheles mosquitoes, which require standing water to lay their eggs and complete their larval development.

Therefore, matching the categories gives:
A → III
B → IV
C → II
D → I