Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan’ is a national campaign to

The correct answer is: Eradicate the practice of manual scavenging and rehabilitate the manual scavengers.

Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan (National Dignity Campaign) is a nationwide social campaign in India specifically launched to address one of the most dehumanizing and caste-based practices — manual scavenging. The campaign works towards two core objectives: first, to completely eradicate the practice of manual scavenging across the country, and second, to ensure the social and economic rehabilitation of those who have been forced into this occupation, predominantly from marginalized Dalit communities.

What is Manual Scavenging?
Manual scavenging refers to the practice of manually cleaning, carrying, disposing, or handling human excreta from dry latrines, open drains, railway tracks, or septic tanks — without adequate protective gear. This practice is not only hazardous to health but is also deeply rooted in caste discrimination, as it has been imposed on certain communities for generations.

Why the Other Options are Incorrect:

Option 1 �� Rehabilitating homeless and destitute persons — this describes schemes like the National Urban Livelihoods Mission (NULM), not Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan.

Option 2 — Releasing sex workers and providing livelihood — this is addressed by separate welfare programs and the Supreme Court's directives on sex workers' rights, not this campaign.

Option 4 — Releasing bonded labourers — this falls under the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976 and related rehabilitation schemes, not Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan.

Key Facts about Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan:
- It was launched as a people's movement to restore the dignity (garima) of manual scavengers.
- The campaign is closely linked to the legal framework provided by the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013, which made manual scavenging a punishable offence.
- The campaign actively works with civil society organizations to identify manual scavengers, help them refuse this work, and access government rehabilitation benefits such as education for their children, housing, and alternative livelihoods.
- The word "Garima" (meaning dignity) in the campaign's name directly reflects its purpose: to restore human dignity to communities stripped of it by this oppressive caste-based occupation.

Therefore, Rashtriya Garima Abhiyaan is unambiguously a national campaign to eradicate the practice of manual scavenging and rehabilitate the manual scavengers — making this the correct and only accurate option.