Question Details

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:


Passage: Pollen pistil interaction involves all events from the landing of pollen grains on the stigma until the pollen tube enters the embryo sac (when the pollen is compatible). When a pollen tube grows through the style and enters into the ovules, it finally discharges two male gametes in one of the synergids.


Syngamy and triple fusion are two fusion events that occur in angiosperms. Thus, angiosperms exhibit double fertilization. The products of these fusions are the diploid zygote and triploid primary endosperm nucleus. Zygote develops into embryo and primary endosperm cell forms the endosperm tissue. The developing embryo passes through different stages before maturation.


The coconut water from tender coconut, a good source of nutrition, is nothing but:

Options

A

Free-nuclear endosperm

B

Synergids

C

Antipodal cells

D

Scutellum

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

Free-nuclear endosperm

Solution :

The correct option is Free-nuclear endosperm.


Step-by-step Explanation:


1. Understanding Double Fertilization:
As described in the passage, double fertilization is a characteristic feature of angiosperms (flowering plants). It involves two fusion events: syngamy (fusion of one male gamete with the egg cell to form a diploid zygote) and triple fusion (fusion of the second male gamete with the two polar nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus or PEN). The zygote eventually develops into the embryo, while the PEN develops into the endosperm, which provides nutrition to the developing embryo.


2. Development of the Endosperm in Coconut:
The primary endosperm nucleus undergoes successive free-nuclear divisions without immediate cell wall formation. This type of development is called free-nuclear endosperm development. At this stage, the endosperm consists of thousands of free nuclei suspended in a liquid medium.


3. Tender Coconut Water:
In a tender coconut, the clear coconut water is this very liquid, which represents the free-nuclear endosperm. It contains thousands of free nuclei and is a rich source of nutrients. As the coconut matures, cell walls begin to form around the nuclei from the periphery towards the center, leading to the formation of the white kernel (cellular endosperm) on the inner walls.


4. Evaluating the Other Options:
- Synergids and Antipodal cells are haploid cells present inside the embryo sac that degenerate after fertilization.
- The Scutellum is the shield-shaped cotyledon found specifically in monocot embryos (like grass seeds).
Therefore, the tender coconut water is strictly the free-nuclear endosperm.

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