Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:
Eleven persons K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T and U were born on the same day of the same month, (but not necessarily in the same order). All of them were born in different years—1981, 1983, 1987, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007 and 2011 (but not necessarily in the same order). Their ages are to be calculated by considering the base year as 2023.
Age of L is a prime number. The age difference between L and Q is of 3 years. P is three persons younger than Q. O is either five persons elder than L or five persons younger than L. The number of persons elder to O is one less than the number of persons younger to N. T is immediately younger to N. The age difference between R and T is 13 years. R is not immediately elder to Q. Age of M is completely divisible by 4 and is elder to K. S is 2 years elder to K.
If all the persons are arranged in alphabetical order from younger to older than position of how many persons remain unchanged?
Correct Answer :
Two
Solution :
First, let us determine the age of each person by using the base year 2023. The ages corresponding to each birth year are:
Sorting the ages from youngest to oldest gives us the following 11 positions:
| Position | Age (Years) | Birth Year |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (Youngest) | 12 | 2011 |
| 2 | 16 | 2007 |
| 3 | 17 | 2006 |
| 4 | 20 | 2003 |
| 5 | 23 | 2000 |
| 6 | 24 | 1999 |
| 7 | 26 | 1997 |
| 8 | 29 | 1994 |
| 9 | 36 | 1987 |
| 10 | 40 | 1983 |
| 11 (Oldest) | 42 | 1981 |
Now we analyze the given clues step-by-step to find the correct configuration:
Therefore, the final arrangement from younger to older is:
| Position | Person |
|---|---|
| 1 | P |
| 2 | T |
| 3 | N |
| 4 | Q |
| 5 | L |
| 6 | K |
| 7 | S |
| 8 | R |
| 9 | M |
| 10 | O |
| 11 | U |
Now, let's arrange all 11 persons in alphabetical order from Position 1 (youngest) to Position 11 (oldest) and compare their positions:
| Position | Original Person | Alphabetical Order | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | P | K | Changed |
| 2 | T | L | Changed |
| 3 | N | M | Changed |
| 4 | Q | N | Changed |
| 5 | L | O | Changed |
| 6 | K | P | Changed |
| 7 | S | Q | Changed |
| 8 | R | R | Unchanged |
| 9 | M | S | Changed |
| 10 | O | T | Changed |
| 11 | U | U | Unchanged |
As we can see, only the positions of R and U remain unchanged. Thus, the positions of exactly Two persons remain unchanged.
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