Survey research is one of the key methods in

The correct option is Sociology.

Survey research is a quantitative research method used to collect data from a predefined group of respondents to gain insights into various topics of interest. It is one of the most widely used and key methods in sociology to study social attitudes, behaviors, beliefs, and demographic characteristics of a population.

While fields like physics rely primarily on experimental and observational methods, history relies on archival documents and primary sources, and hermeneutics focuses on the interpretation of texts, sociology relies heavily on surveys (such as questionnaires and structured interviews) to gather empirical data about social structures and group dynamics.