Question Details

The digits 1 to 9 are arranged in three rows in such a way that each row contains three digits, and the number formed in the second row is twice the number formed in the first row; and the number formed in the third row is thrice the number formed in the first row. Repetition of digits is not allowed. If only three of the four digits 2, 3, 7 and 9 are allowed to use in the first row, how many such combinations are possible to be arranged in the three rows?

Options

A

4

B

3

C

2

D

1

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option C

2

Solution :

The correct option is 2.

Let the three-digit number in the first row be represented as a three-digit integer x. According to the problem, the number formed in the second row is 2x, and the number formed in the third row is 3x.
Since the digits 1 to 9 are arranged in these three rows, each of the three numbers x, 2x, and 3x must be a three-digit number. Furthermore, there can be no repetition of digits across all nine positions, meaning the set of nine digits across x, 2x, and 3x must be exactly the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 in some order.

First, we determine the range of possible values for x:
Since 3x must be a three-digit number, the maximum value of 3x is 999. This implies:
x333
Also, since x is a three-digit number, x100. Since no digits can be repeated and 0 is not allowed, the digits of x must be distinct and non-zero.

The problem states that only three of the four digits 2, 3, 7, and 9 are allowed to be used in the first row (the number x). Let us look at the possible three-digit combinations of these digits that can form x:
The subsets of three digits chosen from {2, 3, 7, 9} are:
1) {2, 3, 7}
2) {2, 3, 9}
3) {2, 7, 9}
4) {3, 7, 9}

Since x333, the hundreds digit of x can only be 1, 2, or 3.
Let us analyze the possible numbers x formed by arranging the three chosen digits from each subset such that the value of the number is less than or equal to 333:

Case 1: Using digits from {2, 3, 7}
Since the hundreds digit must be 2 or 3 (as 7 is too large), the possible values for x are:
- If the hundreds digit is 2, the remaining digits are 3 and 7, giving x=237 or x=273.
- If the hundreds digit is 3, the remaining digits are 2 and 7, giving x=327 (since 372 > 333, we cannot use 7 as the tens digit).
Let's test these values:
- For x=237:
2x=474 (digit 4 is repeated, not allowed).
- For x=273:
2x=546
3x=819
Let's check the digits used in x=273, 2x=546, and 3x=819:
Digits: {2, 7, 3, 5, 4, 6, 8, 1, 9}. All digits from 1 to 9 are used exactly once. This is a valid combination.
- For x=327:
2x=654
3x=981
Let's check the digits used in x=327, 2x=654, and 3x=981:
Digits: {3, 2, 7, 6, 5, 4, 9, 8, 1}. All digits from 1 to 9 are used exactly once. This is also a valid combination.

Case 2: Using digits from {2, 3, 9}
Since the hundreds digit must be 2 or 3, the possible values for x are:
- If the hundreds digit is 2, we have x=239 or x=293.
- If the hundreds digit is 3, we have x=329 (since 392 > 333).
Let's test these values:
- For x=239:
2x=478
3x=717 (digit 7 is repeated).
- For x=293:
2x=586
3x=879 (digits 8 and 9 are repeated).
- For x=329:
2x=658
3x=987 (digit 8 is repeated).

Case 3: Using digits from {2, 7, 9}
The hundreds digit must be 2 (as 7 and 9 are greater than 3).
The possible values for x are x=279 or x=297.
Let's test these values:
- For x=279:
2x=558 (digit 5 is repeated).
- For x=297:
2x=594 (digit 9 is repeated).

Case 4: Using digits from {3, 7, 9}
The hundreds digit must be 3 (as 7 and 9 are greater than 3).
The only possible value for x below 333 is x=327 (but the set of digits here is {3, 7, 9}, so we cannot form any number because the other digits must be 7 and 9, making the number at least 379, which is greater than 333).

Thus, there are exactly 2 combinations of three rows that satisfy all constraints:
1) First row: 273, Second row: 546, Third row: 819
2) First row: 327, Second row: 654, Third row: 981

Therefore, the total number of such combinations possible is 2.

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