The human protein named α-1-antitrypsin, obtained from transgenic animals, is used for the treatment of ________.

Alpha‑1‑antitrypsin (α1‑AT) is a serine protease inhibitor that protects the lung tissue by neutralizing neutrophil elastase, an enzyme that can degrade elastin fibers in the alveolar walls.

In individuals with α1‑AT deficiency, insufficient inhibitor levels allow unchecked elastase activity, leading to destruction of the alveolar septa, loss of elastic recoil, and the formation of enlarged air spaces characteristic of emphysema.

Therapeutic replacement of the missing protein restores the balance between elastase and its inhibitor. By providing functional α1‑AT, the progression of lung damage can be slowed, and symptoms of emphysema can be alleviated.

Transgenic animals (commonly goats, sheep, or rabbits) have been engineered to produce human α1‑antitrypsin in their milk. The purified protein can be harvested in large quantities, making it a practical source for replacement therapy.

Therefore, the recombinant human α1‑antitrypsin obtained from transgenic animals is used specifically for the treatment of emphysema.