The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed as -

The correct option is Transcription.

To understand why this is the correct answer, let us look at the fundamental processes of molecular biology, often referred to as the Central Dogma:
1. Replication: The process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. This is DNA-to-DNA duplication.
2. Transcription: The process of copying a specific segment of DNA into RNA (specifically messenger RNA or mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. During this process, the genetic information from one strand of DNA is transferred to a complementary RNA strand. Therefore, the process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is termed transcription.
3. Translation: The process in which the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain, ultimately forming a protein. This is RNA-to-protein synthesis.
4. Regulation: This refers to gene regulation, which includes the cellular processes that control the rate and manner of gene expression (whether a gene is turned on or off), rather than the physical copying of genetic sequences.

Since the question specifically asks for the process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA, the correct term is Transcription.