What does the word 'dwija' imply?

The correct option is Twice-born.

In Sanskrit, the word 'dwija' (sometimes spelled dvija) is composed of two roots:
1. 'dwi' meaning "two" or "twice"
2. 'ja' meaning "born" or "begotten"

Therefore, the literal translation of the term is "twice-born". In ancient Indian social and spiritual tradition, it refers to members of the three upper varnas (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas) whose second birth is considered to take place when they undergo the Upanayana (sacred thread) ceremony, marking their initiation into Vedic studies and spiritual life.