What is the pattern of inheritance for polygenic trait?

The correct option is Non-mendelian inheritance pattern.

To understand why polygenic traits follow a non-Mendelian inheritance pattern, let us break down the concepts step-by-step:

1. What are Mendelian Traits?
Mendelian inheritance describes traits that are controlled by a single gene with two contrasting alleles (dominant and recessive). Examples include pea plant height (tall vs. dwarf) studied by Gregor Mendel. These traits show distinct, qualitative differences with no intermediate forms, resulting in clear phenotypic ratios (like 3:1 in the F₂ generation).

2. What are Polygenic Traits?
Polygenic traits are characteristics that are controlled by the cumulative effect of multiple genes (often three or more) located at different loci. Examples in humans include skin color, height, eye color, and weight.

3. Why is it Non-Mendelian?
Because multiple genes contribute to a single trait, the inheritance does not display the typical dominant-recessive patterns or simple phenotypic ratios of Mendelian genetics. Instead:
- Each gene has an additive or cumulative effect on the phenotype.
- The offspring show a continuous variation (a spectrum of traits) rather than discrete categories.
- Environmental factors also frequently interact with polygenic traits to influence the final phenotype.
Due to these complexities, polygenic inheritance is classified under non-Mendelian inheritance patterns.