Which Article of the Indian Constitution mentions that ‘The State shall endeavour to organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines’?

The correct option is Article 48.

Explanation:
Article 48 of the Indian Constitution, contained within Part IV (Directive Principles of State Policy), specifies that the State shall endeavour to organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines.
Additionally, it directs the State to take active steps toward preserving and improving livestock breeds, as well as prohibiting the slaughter of cows, calves, and other milch and draught cattle.

Overview of Other Options:
• Article 42: Directs the State to make provisions for securing just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.
• Article 43: Directs the State to secure a living wage, a decent standard of life, and full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities for all workers.
• Article 46: Requires the State to promote with special care the educational and economic interests of weaker sections of the society, particularly the Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs).