Which of the following administrative innovations is attributed to Alauddin Khilji’s reign?

The correct answer is: Regulation of market prices and rationing.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

Alauddin Khilji, who ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1296 to 1316 CE, introduced groundbreaking administrative, economic, and military reforms. Among his most prominent administrative and economic innovations was the strict regulation of market prices and the establishment of a public rationing system.

1. Market Control Reforms (Shahna-i-Mandi):
Alauddin Khilji set fixed prices for all essential commodities, including food grains, cloth, horses, and livestock. To enforce these prices, he created separate controlled markets in Delhi supervised by an official called the Shahna-i-Mandi, assisted by intelligence officers (Barids) and secret spies (Munhiyans).

2. Rationing System:
During times of drought or famine, grain was supplied from government stores (granaries) at fixed subsidized rates, and a strict rationing system was implemented so that each family received grain according to their needs.

Analysis of Other Options:

• Foundation of Diwan-i-Arz: The military department known as Diwan-i-Arz was established earlier by Sultan Ghiyas-ud-din Balban, although Alauddin Khilji later upgraded military administration (introducing the Dagh and Chehra system).

• Establishment of Iqta System: The Iqta system was introduced into India by Shams-ud-din Iltutmish.

• Creation of Mansabdari System: The Mansabdari administrative system was introduced much later during the Mughal Empire by Emperor Akbar.

Therefore, market price regulation and rationing are uniquely attributed to the reign of Alauddin Khilji.