Which of the following Amendments of the Constitution of India added a new fundamental duty under Article 51-A?

The correct option is Eighty-sixth Amendment Act, 2002.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. Origin of Fundamental Duties:
The Fundamental Duties of citizens were not part of the original Constitution of India. They were incorporated into Part IV-A of the Constitution under Article 51-A by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976, upon the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee. Initially, this amendment added 10 Fundamental Duties.

2. Addition of the 11th Fundamental Duty:
The number of Fundamental Duties increased from 10 to 11 when a new duty was added under Article 51-A(k) by the Eighty-sixth Amendment Act, 2002.

3. What is the 11th Fundamental Duty?
Article 51-A(k) states that it is the duty of every citizen of India who is a parent or guardian "to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years."

4. Broader Context of the 86th Amendment:
The 86th Amendment Act of 2002 was a landmark amendment focused on education. In addition to adding the fundamental duty, it:
- Inserted Article 21-A, making free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years a Fundamental Right.
- Substituted the text of Article 45 under Directive Principles of State Policy, directing the State to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.