Which of the following approaches was initially proposed by the International Labour Organization?

The correct option is **Basic needs approach**.

The basic needs approach is one of the major approaches to human development. It was initially proposed by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 1976, specifically during the World Employment Conference.

This approach focuses on the provision of basic goods and services to prevent deprivation. It identifies six basic needs:
1. Health
2. Education
3. Food
4. Water supply
5. Sanitation
6. Housing
Under this approach, the question of human choices is ignored, and the emphasis is placed on defining and meeting these essential requirements of defined sections of the population.