Which of the following is true of the innateness hypothesis of language acquisition and language learning?

The correct option is Language faculty present in children is responsible for the production and acquisition of language in children.

Explanation:

The Innateness Hypothesis of language acquisition, proposed by Noam Chomsky, asserts that human children are born with an inherent biological capacity to acquire language. According to this theory, humans possess an innate mechanism—often referred to as the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) or universal language faculty—that enables them to naturally absorb, structure, and produce language from their environment without needing formal instruction or intense drilling.

Let's evaluate the given options:

1. "Efforts of the parents, peers and those near to the child as well as the environment are responsible for language acquisition." — This statement describes behaviorist or environmental views of language learning, not the innateness hypothesis.

2. "Language is unique only to humans and only human who can speak a language." — While Chomsky posits that language is species-specific to humans, this option is phrasing language capability strictly around speaking, whereas language also includes sign language and other symbolic modalities. More importantly, it does not state the core premise of the innateness hypothesis regarding the internal language faculty.

3. "Language faculty present in children makes them conceive language through intense practice and drilling." — This contradicts the hypothesis, as innate language acquisition does not depend on repetitive drilling or explicit training.

4. "Language faculty present in children is responsible for the production and acquisition of language in children." — This directly captures the essence of the innateness hypothesis, highlighting that an internal language faculty drives both the acquisition and production of language.