Which of the following rulers adopted the title devaputra, or ”son of god”?

The correct option is Kushanas.

The title devaputra literally translates to "son of god" (where deva means god and putra means son). This title was adopted by the rulers of the Kushana Empire, who ruled over parts of Central Asia and Northern India from the 1st to the 3rd centuries CE.

The adoption of this title was a deliberate political and ideological strategy. By claiming divine lineage and calling themselves "sons of god," the Kushana rulers sought to legitimize their authority, consolidate their power over a vast and diverse empire, and elevate their status to that of near-deities in the eyes of their subjects. This practice was likely inspired by Chinese statecraft traditions, where emperors were referred to as the "Son of Heaven."