Which of the following state does NOT have high levels of groundwater utilization?

The correct option is Odisha.

To understand why Odisha has relatively low levels of groundwater utilization compared to the other options, let us look at the geographical and agricultural patterns of groundwater usage in India:

1. High Groundwater Utilization States: States in the northwestern region of India, such as Punjab and Haryana, along with states in the south like Tamil Nadu, exhibit extremely high levels of groundwater development. This is primarily driven by intensive agricultural activities, such as the cultivation of water-intensive crops like paddy and wheat, which rely heavily on tube-wells and borewells for irrigation.

2. Low to Moderate Groundwater Utilization States: On the other hand, states in the eastern and northeastern parts of India, including Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Bihar, have relatively low levels of groundwater utilization. Despite having abundant replenishable groundwater resources, these regions have not fully developed their groundwater potential due to factors like lagging agricultural commercialization, lower cropping intensity, and a higher reliance on surface water resources or monsoon rainfall.

Therefore, among the given choices, Odisha is the state that does NOT have high levels of groundwater utilization.